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The growth of car use is very intense from 1991 to 2001 and it continues in 2011. However, between 2001 and 2011, this growth is less evident. The differences among national and regional values also increase because in LMA the proportion of car use in 2011 was 54% while across the country it exceeded 60%. The proportion of population that is studying or working outside the county of residence decreased and we can observe the opposite in the difference between what is happening in Portugal and LMA: in LMA the proportion of population that is working or studying outside the county of residence in 2011 is superior to Portugal’s figures by 10%.

 

There was no changes in average commuting time (from 1991 to 2001, it changed from 21,6 to 22,4 minutes in Portugal and from 31,6 to 32 minutes in LMA) which confirms that, usually, with the increase of speed or the ease of commuting (or commuting), the traveled distance expands and there is no decrease in the route.  

From 2001 to 2011, the duration of commuting decreased around 20 minutes across the country and around 26 minutes in LMA. 

Mobility variables, 1991-2001-2011, Portugal and Lisbon

Average duration of commuting (min)

Car use (%)

Residence population that are working or studying outside the county (%)

Source: INE, Censos 1991, 2001 e 2011

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